LNG - The Commercial Imperatives

Day One

  • What is LNG? Why LNG? How to measure LNG, LNG vs. pipeline, LNG vs. GTL, CNG and the LNG chain
  • LNG history and overview of the LNG industry today: The development of the LNG successes and its natural gas supply. Liquefaction plants and importers of LNG
  • Liquefaction: Production trains, refrigeration, alternative technologies, storage, offshore liquefaction and Coal Bed methane
  • LNG shipping – ship design and operations: Moss and membrane ships and LNG shipping costs
  • Exercise: LNG shipping

Day Two

  • Regasification: Storage, vaporisers and offshore regasification
  • Developing an LNG project: Upstream / liquefaction plant interface and examples of project structures
  • Developing LNG business models: Traditional model, the integrator model and the aggregator model

Day Three

  • LNG markets in Asia: Established and new markets in Asia
  • LNG pricing in Asia: Pricing methods, formula based prices, “S” - Curves. The buyers’ and sellers’ market
  • LNG markets in Europe: European LNG markets
  • LNG pricing in Europe: Formula based prices in Europe, linkage to oil products and market based prices in north-west Europe
  • LNG contracts: Objectives, constraints and structures. Sales and purchase agreements
  • Exercise: Memorandum of Understanding

Day Four

  • LNG markets in the Americas: The need for LNG? The role of LNG in the Americas. Terminal capacities
  • LNG pricing in the Americas: What is Henry Hub? How are LNG prices linked to Henry Hub prices? Prices in Mexico, Chile and the Caribbean
  • LNG supply: Can supply meet the potential demand? The outlook for new supply after 2012
  • Exercise: Buyers vs. Sellers
  • LNG safety, security and the public perception: LNG risks, the effect of a large LNG spill and terrorist threats
  • LNG financing: Financing an LNG project and financing regasification terminals
  • LNG quality: Why is quality important? What determines quality?

Day Five

  • New Frontiers in LNG: Small Scale, Floating LNG, Coal Bed Methane
  • Short term trading: What is short term LNG trading? Why are large volumes of LNG rising from the Atlantic Basin to Asia? The outlook for short term trading

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